Apacheのエラー[Job for httpd.service failed because the control process exited with error code.]を対策する

Webサーバーの設定を変更してApacheを起動しようとしたら、「Job for httpd.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See “systemctl status httpd.service” and “journalctl -xe” for details.」と表示されてApacheの起動に失敗する。

原因を調査して対策します。

Apacheの状態を調べる
対策（httpd.confの修正）
動作確認

Apacheの状態を調べる

systemctlで調査

エラー表示の中に「See "systemctl status httpd.service"」と書いてあるので、まずsystemctlコマンドでApacheのステータスを調べます。

# systemctl status httpd
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since 水 2022-09-14 10:29:45 JST; 1min 5s ago
     Docs: man:httpd(8)
           man:apachectl(8)
  Process: 393 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/httpd $OPTIONS -DFOREGROUND (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
 Main PID: 393 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)

 9月 14 10:29:45 sv1.example.jp systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP Server...
 9月 14 10:29:45 sv1.example.jp httpd[393]: AH00526: Syntax error on line 377 of /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf:
 9月 14 10:29:45 sv1.example.jp httpd[393]: Invalid command 'php_admin_value', perhaps misspelled or defined by a module not included in the server configuration
 9月 14 10:29:45 sv1.example.jp systemd[1]: httpd.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
 9月 14 10:29:45 sv1.example.jp systemd[1]: Failed to start The Apache HTTP Server.
 9月 14 10:29:45 sv1.example.jp systemd[1]: Unit httpd.service entered failed state.
 9月 14 10:29:45 sv1.example.jp systemd[1]: httpd.service failed.

# systemctl status httpd

● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)

Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since 水 2022-09-14 10:29:45 JST; 1min 5s ago

Docs: man:httpd(8)

man:apachectl(8)

Process: 393 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/httpd $OPTIONS -DFOREGROUND (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)

Main PID: 393 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)

9月 14 10:29:45 sv1.example.jp systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP Server...

9月 14 10:29:45 sv1.example.jp httpd[393]: AH00526: Syntax error on line 377 of /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf:

9月 14 10:29:45 sv1.example.jp httpd[393]: Invalid command 'php_admin_value', perhaps misspelled or defined by a module not included in the server configuration

9月 14 10:29:45 sv1.example.jp systemd[1]: httpd.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE

9月 14 10:29:45 sv1.example.jp systemd[1]: Failed to start The Apache HTTP Server.

9月 14 10:29:45 sv1.example.jp systemd[1]: Unit httpd.service entered failed state.

9月 14 10:29:45 sv1.example.jp systemd[1]: httpd.service failed.

service httpd configtestで調査

service httpd configtestでApacheの設定ファイルにエラーが無いか調べます。

# service httpd configtest
AH00526: Syntax error on line 377 of /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf:
Invalid command 'php_admin_value', perhaps misspelled or defined by a module not included in the server configuration

# service httpd configtest

AH00526: Syntax error on line 377 of /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf:

Invalid command 'php_admin_value', perhaps misspelled or defined by a module not included in the server configuration

apachectl -Vで調査

# apachectl -V
AH00526: Syntax error on line 377 of /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf:
Invalid command 'php_admin_value', perhaps misspelled or defined by a module not included in the server configuration

# apachectl -V

AH00526: Syntax error on line 377 of /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf:

Invalid command 'php_admin_value', perhaps misspelled or defined by a module not included in the server configuration

調査結果を確認してみると、どの調査でも、

AH00526: Syntax error on line 377 of /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf:

Invalid command 'php_admin_value', perhaps misspelled or defined by a module not included in the server configuration

という記述がありますので、今回のApache起動時のエラーの原因は、Apacheの設定ファイル（httpd.conf）の377行目にある「php_admin_value」という記述がSyntax errorとなっていたためでした。

PHP-FPM環境（mod_phpが無効化された環境）では、Apache設定ファイル内の「php_admin_value」という記述はエラーになります。

対策（httpd.confの修正）

vi等で/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.confを開き、377行目の「php_admin_value」から始まる行をコメントアウトします。

■変更前
     php_admin_value engine Off 
■変更後
     #php_admin_value engine Off

■変更前

php_admin_value engine Off

■変更後

#php_admin_value engine Off

動作確認

Apacheを起動し、ステータスを確認します。

# systemctl start httpd

1	# systemctl start httpd

# apachectl -V
Server version: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS)
Server built:   Jan 25 2022 20:03:26
Server's Module Magic Number: 20120211:24
Server loaded:  APR 1.4.8, APR-UTIL 1.5.2
Compiled using: APR 1.4.8, APR-UTIL 1.5.2
Architecture:   64-bit
Server MPM:     prefork
  threaded:     no
    forked:     yes (variable process count)
Server compiled with....
 -D APR_HAS_SENDFILE
 -D APR_HAS_MMAP
 -D APR_HAVE_IPV6 (IPv4-mapped addresses enabled)
 -D APR_USE_SYSVSEM_SERIALIZE
 -D APR_USE_PTHREAD_SERIALIZE
 -D SINGLE_LISTEN_UNSERIALIZED_ACCEPT
 -D APR_HAS_OTHER_CHILD
 -D AP_HAVE_RELIABLE_PIPED_LOGS
 -D DYNAMIC_MODULE_LIMIT=256
 -D HTTPD_ROOT="/etc/httpd"
 -D SUEXEC_BIN="/usr/sbin/suexec"
 -D DEFAULT_PIDLOG="/run/httpd/httpd.pid"
 -D DEFAULT_SCOREBOARD="logs/apache_runtime_status"
 -D DEFAULT_ERRORLOG="logs/error_log"
 -D AP_TYPES_CONFIG_FILE="conf/mime.types"
 -D SERVER_CONFIG_FILE="conf/httpd.conf"

# apachectl -V

Server version: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS)

Server built: Jan 25 2022 20:03:26

Server's Module Magic Number: 20120211:24

Server loaded: APR 1.4.8, APR-UTIL 1.5.2

Compiled using: APR 1.4.8, APR-UTIL 1.5.2

Architecture: 64-bit

Server MPM: prefork

threaded: no

forked: yes (variable process count)

Server compiled with....

-D APR_HAS_SENDFILE

-D APR_HAS_MMAP

-D APR_HAVE_IPV6 (IPv4-mapped addresses enabled)

-D APR_USE_SYSVSEM_SERIALIZE

-D APR_USE_PTHREAD_SERIALIZE

-D SINGLE_LISTEN_UNSERIALIZED_ACCEPT

-D APR_HAS_OTHER_CHILD

-D AP_HAVE_RELIABLE_PIPED_LOGS

-D DYNAMIC_MODULE_LIMIT=256

-D HTTPD_ROOT="/etc/httpd"

-D SUEXEC_BIN="/usr/sbin/suexec"

-D DEFAULT_PIDLOG="/run/httpd/httpd.pid"

-D DEFAULT_SCOREBOARD="logs/apache_runtime_status"

-D DEFAULT_ERRORLOG="logs/error_log"

-D AP_TYPES_CONFIG_FILE="conf/mime.types"

-D SERVER_CONFIG_FILE="conf/httpd.conf"

# systemctl status httpd
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 水 2022-09-14 10:51:34 JST; 36s ago
     Docs: man:httpd(8)
           man:apachectl(8)
  Process: 5343 ExecStop=/bin/kill -WINCH ${MAINPID} (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 5379 (httpd)
   Status: "Total requests: 3; Current requests/sec: 0; Current traffic:   0 B/sec"
   CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
           ├─5379 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─5380 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─5381 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─5382 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─5383 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─5384 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           └─5385 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND

 9月 14 10:51:34 sv1.example.jp systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP Server...
 9月 14 10:51:34 sv1.example.jp systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.